Graphics Interchange Format (GIF)

tool: ArcExplorer

Purpose: 

ArcExplorer is a custom mapping tool that can be used in a web browser. ArcExplorer allows you to perform a range of basic GIS functions such as display, query and retrieve data.

Features: 

• Display and query a variety of standard data sources including ESRI shapefiles, ArcInfo coverages Images, ArcIMS services
• Pan and zoom through multiple layers and identify, locate, and query geographic and attribute data.
• Symbolize data based on attributes contained in the data layers to create thematic maps.
• Perform basic spatial analysis tasks on the geographic data
• Freely distributable data

A&H use case 1 description: 
ArcExplorer was used in the Montréal l'avenir du passé (MAP) project to create a historical GIS research infrastructure for mapping the city of Montréal.
Publisher: 
Environmental Systems Research Institute (ESRI)
Creator: 
Environmental Systems Research Institute (ESRI)
Software/programming languages used: 
ArcExplorer
Data capture: 
Use of existing digital data
Specifications: 
HyperText Markup Language (HTML)
JPEG
Tagged Image File Format (TIFF)
Portable Network Graphics (PNG)
Graphics Interchange Format (GIF)
Bitmap (BMP)
Java
Communication and collaboration: 
Graphical interaction (asynchronous)
Suite: 
ESRI Explorer
Discipline: 
Archaeology
Classics and Ancient History
History
Data analysis: 
Spatial data analysis
Data publishing and dissemination: 
Web browser scripting
Tags: 
GIS
geography
Geospatial computing
Geospatial technology
Strategy and project management: 
Documentation
Practice-led research: 
2d illustration
3d modelling - vector
Alternate tool(s): 

ArcGIS Explorer, worldKit, GeoCommons

Data structuring and enhancement: 
2d modelling - raster
2d modelling - vector
3d modelling - interactive
3d modelling - vector
Geo-referencing and projection
Licence: 
Freeware
Platform: 
All major operating systems
lifecycleStage: 
structuring
analysis
publishing
By natalie.hutchinson at Mon, 29/03/2010 - 10:41

tool: Adobe Photoshop

Purpose: 

Adobe Photoshop is an editor for still images. It is equipped with a diverse range of processing tools, enabling users to create or modify content through the use of drawing tools, filters, or other plug-ins.

Features: 

• Tightly integrated with other Adobe suite software
• Photoshop functionality can be extended by add-on programs called Photoshop plugins which act like mini-editors that modify the image.
• Can utilise the colour models RGB, lab, CMKY, Greyscale, binary bitmap and duotone.
• Reads and writes raster and vector image formats

A&H use case 1 description: 
“The Corpus of Romanesque Sculpture in Britain and Ireland” project has used Adobe Photoshop to edit digital images in both TIFF and high JPG formats of Romanesque sculpture in Britain.
Publisher: 
Adobe Systems Incorporated
Creator: 
Adobe Systems Incorporated
Specifications: 
JPEG
Encapsulated PostScript (EPS)
Tagged Image File Format (TIFF)
Portable Network Graphics (PNG)
Graphics Interchange Format (GIF)
Bitmap (BMP)
Adobe Illustrator (AI)
Adobe Premiere Pro
Adobe After Effects
Adobe Fireworks
Data analysis: 
Image feature measurement
Image segmentation
Visualisation
Data capture: 
2d scanning and photography
Communication and collaboration: 
Graphical interaction (asynchronous)
Software/programming languages used: 
Adobe Photoshop LE
Adobe Photoshop
Adobe photoshop Elements
Suite: 
Adobe
Data structuring and enhancement: 
2d modelling - raster
2d modelling - vector
3d modelling - interactive
3d modelling - vector
Graphical rendering
Image enhancement
Image restoration
Photogrammetry
Alternate tool(s): 

GraphicConverter, 36-image converter

Tags: 
Image enhancement
Image manipulation
Photoshop
Photo editing
Practice-led research: 
2d graphic design
2d illustration
3d graphic design
3d modelling - vector
3d scanning
Photography
Image manipulation
Photomontage
Platform: 
Microsoft Windows
Mac OS X
Licence: 
commercial
lifecycleStage: 
creation
By Valentina Asciutti at Tue, 02/02/2010 - 17:32

tool: Adobe Illustrator

Purpose: 

Adobe Illustrator is a comprehensive vector graphics environment that is ideal for all creative professionals, including web and interactive designers and developers, multimedia producers, motion graphics and visual effects designers, animators, and video professionals. The latest version, Illustrator CS4, is the fourteenth generation in the product line.

Features: 

• Tightly integrated with other Adobe suite software
• Raster and type-in vector format support

A&H use case 1 description: 
The Inscriptions of Aphrodisias project used Adobe Illustrator to manipulate resources associated with Greek inscriptions from Aphrodisias in Caria.
A&H use case 2 description: 
The North Sea Palaeolandscapes project used Adobe Illustrator during the production of visual data for use by the geological and archaeological community.
A&H use case 3 description: 
The British Town maps project used Adobe Illustrator to manipulate graphical data produced between 1470 and 1895.
Publisher: 
Adobe Systems Incorporated
Creator: 
Adobe Systems Incorporated
Practice-led research: 
2d graphic design
2d illustration
Photomontage
Data structuring and enhancement: 
Graphical rendering
Image enhancement
Image restoration
Suite: 
Adobe
Specifications: 
JPEG
Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG)
Encapsulated PostScript (EPS)
Portable Document Format (PDF)
Tagged Image File Format (TIFF)
Graphics Interchange Format (GIF)
Bitmap (BMP)
Rich Text Format (RTF)
Unicode
Adobe Freehand
CorelDraw image (CDR)
Windows MetaFile (WMF)
PhotoShop Document (PSD)
Autodesk Drawing eXchange Format (DXF)
TrueType
Plug-in support
Microsoft Word document
Data analysis: 
Image feature measurement
Image segmentation
Visualisation
Tags: 
design
graphics
raster
vector
Alternate tool(s): 

Corel Draw

Platform: 
Microsoft Windows
Mac OS X
Licence: 
commercial
lifecycleStage: 
creation
publishing
Software/programming languages used: 
Adobe Illustrator
By Valentina Asciutti at Wed, 20/01/2010 - 15:29

tool: ArcView

Purpose: 

A software application for creating, manipulating and analysing GIS (Geographic Information System) data. ArcView may be used to create geographic maps, manipulate spatial features, analyse attributes and characteristics, and visualise spatial information in an understandable form. Current versions of the software enable the user to import and manipulate several content types in a spatial environment, including demographic information, CAD designs, still images and other types of content.

Features: 

• Integrated query-building functionality to interrogate a dataset in order to answer research questions. For example, distance measurement, feature location
• Availability of map templates to create a consistent layout and appearance.
• Plug-in support that allows use of first-party and third-party extensions to perform tasks unsupported in the base installation of the software. E.g. raster geo-processing and three-dimensional analysis.

A&H use case 1 description: 
‘Predicting the location of hominid sites in Africa and Asia’ project has used the software to geo-reference a dataset of locations in Africa and Asia, in order to assess the relationship between bone collagen preservation and geographic location of archaeological sites.
Publisher: 
ESRI (Environmental Systems Research Institute)
Data analysis: 
Spatial data analysis
Specifications: 
Surfer (ASCII & binary) data format
JPEG
Windows Enhanced MetaFile (EMF)
Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG)
Encapsulated PostScript (EPS)
Portable Document Format (PDF)
Tagged Image File Format (TIFF)
Portable Network Graphics (PNG)
Graphics Interchange Format (GIF)
Bitmap (BMP)
ESRI Digital Elevation Model (DEM)
polyline
polygon
floating GRID
Adobe Illustrator (AI)
Software/programming languages used: 
ArcView
Suite: 
ArchGIS
Data capture: 
Geophysical survey
GPS and total station surveys
Tags: 
GIS
Data structuring and enhancement: 
Geo-referencing and projection
Licence: 
commercial
lifecycleStage: 
creation
structuring
analysis
publishing
Platform: 
Microsoft Windows
By Valentina Asciutti at Wed, 20/01/2010 - 11:47

tool: GIMP: GNU Image Manipulation Program

Purpose: 

A multi-platform software application primarily used for image composition and editing. The basic tool may be augmented by plug-ins and extensions that allow the use of new file formats, effects filters and batch processing capabilities. GIMP was initially created to manipulate raster images, but has been extended to provide limited vector image and moving image support.

Features: 

• Tile-based memory management system, which uses disk space to store images that cannot be physically held in memory.
• Alpha channel support for working with transparency
• Layer and channel support
• A procedural database for calling internal GIMP functions from external programs, such as Script-Fu
• Plug-in support enabling use of new file formats and effects filters
• GIM Animation Package supports moving image formats.

A&H use case 1 description: 
The Isambard Kingdom Brunel papers (1806 - 1859) project use GIMP to manipulate high-quality TIFFs of Brunel's notebooks, sketchbooks and letters for export to a compressed JPEG format for publication.
Creator: 
GIMP Team
Publisher: 
GIMP Team
Data structuring and enhancement: 
Image enhancement
Image restoration
Data capture: 
2d scanning and photography
Specifications: 
JPEG
Portable Document Format (PDF)
Tagged Image File Format (TIFF)
Portable Network Graphics (PNG)
Graphics Interchange Format (GIF)
Bitmap (BMP)
Truevision TarGA (TGA)
PC Paintbrush (PCX)
XPixMap (XPM)
MPEG-1
PostScript (PS)
lifecycleStage: 
creation
Practice-led research: 
Image manipulation
Alternate tool(s): 

Adobe Photoshop

Tags: 
2d Scanning and photography
Image enhancement
Image manipulation
Image restoration and rectification
manipulation
batch
editing
moving image
Raster image
script
Platform: 
Microsoft Windows
Linux
Mac OS X
Unix
Licence: 
GNU General Public License
Software/programming languages used: 
GIMP: GNU Image Manipulation Program
By garethknight at Wed, 21/01/2009 - 12:55